Orhan Özçatalbaş

By Orhan Özçatalbaş

Part of the book: Organic Agriculture Towards Sustainability

By Orhan Özçatalbaş

Human capital is the most important strategic factor for development; as new technologies emerge, the market demand for better and healthier products and consumer demand in terms of quality and delivery time are changing. In today’s world, it becomes increasingly important to know how information can be accessed, how it is adopted, and how it can be assimilated. In this respect, each country allocates budget for training, education, and extension according to its own conditions. This budget may be intended for rural community-based social assistance, but the economic and welfare effect is essential. In this way, it is aimed to increase the living standards of the families living in the rural areas. This will naturally contribute to national income and to the prosperity of society. The subject has been discussed generally in the world, especially in the case of Turkey. According to this, all over the world, particularly in developing countries, research and extension (R&E) is very important and should be considered at least as much as research and development (R&D). However, it will be ensured that societies meet with the technology produced. For this, the development of human resources should be emphasized and a suitable atmosphere should be prepared for this widespread prosperity.

Part of the book: Research and Development Evolving Trends and Practices

By Muhammad Imran and Orhan Özçatalbaş

Wheat is an important staple food in Pakistan and is grown in both irrigated and rainfed production systems. To meet increased demand, farmers have increased the use of input energy in wheat production. The intensive use of energy has many consequences for energy security and environmental sustainability. In this chapter, we have analyzed the energy use efficiency of wheat crop grown in two different production systems using data collected from wheat farmers of Punjab province of Pakistan through face-to-face interviews. Energy input–output analysis revealed that 49,079 MJ/ha input energy is used in irrigated wheat and 31,421 MJ/ha in rainfed wheat. The main difference between both production systems is because of irrigation water. Fertilizer has the highest share in total energy consumption followed by diesel fuel. Energy consumed per kilogram of wheat produced is less in rainfed wheat compared to irrigated. Similarly, energy efficiency values of rainfed wheat are better than irrigated wheat. Results of data envelopment analysis reveal that 38% of wheat farmers in rainfed systems and 62% in the irrigated system are using energy efficiently. The substantial difference between the energy use of inefficient and efficient indicates that there’s a significant potential to improve energy use efficiency in both systems.

Part of the book: Current Trends in Wheat Research

By Eriola Marius Charlot Adenidji and Orhan Özçatalbaş

Nowadays, in most households, food and nutrition affairs are delegated to women. However, in the sub-Saharan regions, like the most undeveloped countries, food security is still in danger. Such a situation is not observed in developed countries. Why so? Is women’s positive contribution to food security only reserved for developed countries? How can women in less developed countries intervene in food security? This paper analyses food security from a gender perspective and focuses on women’s participation and empowerment as means to eradicate food insecurity.

Part of the book: Sustainable Rural Development Perspective and Global Challenges

By Orhan Özçatalbaş

The agriculture sector and food industry have always been essential sectors of the economy and countries. Factors such as limited resources in the face of a growing population as well as climate change and even the COVID-19 pandemic, and between Russia with Ukraine conflict have maximized the strategic importance of the agro-food industry on a global scale. Since it is a global issue affecting almost every country adversely, especially the fight against climate change requires institutional establishment of international cooperation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the current dynamics of existing economic theories and economic models, highlighting the transition from linear economy to circular economies. To do this, the concept of the circular economy and the economy is discussed in relation to the SDGs to better understand the problem. To evaluate the transition from a linear economy to a circular economy, again, the sustainability publications were searched using bibliometric methods. Mostly four concepts related to sustainability, sustainability and rural development, circular economy, and green economy were analyzed by using VOSviewer software. These four concepts are closely associated with sustainability.

Part of the book: Sustainable Rural Development Perspective and Global Challenges