# IntechOpen

> IntechOpen is a leading global publisher of open-access books and journals
> in science, technology, and medicine (STM). Founded in 2004, IntechOpen
> has published over 6,000 edited volumes and 75,000 peer-reviewed chapters,
> authored by researchers from more than 180 countries. All content is freely
> available under Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licenses.

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## About

IntechOpen publishes peer-reviewed, open-access academic content across all
major fields of science, technology, engineering, and medicine. Content is
authored by scientists and researchers worldwide and reviewed by independent
experts. IntechOpen is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)
and CrossRef, and all publications carry a permanent DOI.

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## Content Types

- [Books](https://www.intechopen.com/books): 6,000+ open-access edited volumes spanning all STM disciplines.
- [Chapters](https://www.intechopen.com/chapters): 75,000+ individual peer-reviewed book chapters, each with its own DOI.
- [Journals](https://www.intechopen.com/journals): Open-access peer-reviewed journals covering emerging research areas.

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## Access & Licensing

- All content is **open-access** and freely available to read online and download as PDF.
- Licensed under **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)** unless otherwise stated.
- Full text, abstracts, metadata, and PDFs may be freely accessed without registration.
- Reuse is permitted with proper attribution to the author(s) and IntechOpen.

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## Structured Data & Metadata

All book, chapter, and journal article pages include machine-readable structured data:

- **Schema.org JSON-LD**: types `Book`, `Chapter`, `ScholarlyArticle`, `Periodical`
- **Google Scholar meta tags**: `citation_title`, `citation_author`, `citation_doi`, `citation_isbn`, `citation_pdf_url`, etc.
- **Dublin Core**: `DC.Title`, `DC.Creator`, `DC.Identifier`, `DC.Date`, `DC.Publisher`
- **Open Graph**: `og:type`, `og:title`, `og:description`, `og:image`

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## DOI & Citation

- All publications have a permanent DOI resolving via `https://doi.org/10.5772/{id}`
- Preferred citation format: Author(s). "Chapter Title." In: *Book Title*, edited by Editor(s). IntechOpen, Year. DOI: 10.5772/...
- DOI resolver: [https://doi.org](https://doi.org)

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## Sitemap

- [Main Sitemap](https://www.intechopen.com/sitemap-v2/sitemap.xml)

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## AI & Crawler Policy

- AI-powered **search crawlers** that surface content with source citations are welcome (see robots.txt).
- AI **training crawlers** that collect data for model training are not permitted (see robots.txt).
- Full policy: [https://www.intechopen.com/robots.txt](https://www.intechopen.com/robots.txt)

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## Contact

- **Publisher**: IntechOpen Limited, London, United Kingdom
- **Website**: [https://www.intechopen.com](https://www.intechopen.com)
- **Permissions & Rights**: permissions@intechopen.com
- **General Inquiries**: info@intechopen.com